Navigating the U.S. immigration system can be a complicated endeavor, especially when it comes to applying for a Green Card through employment. If you're at this stage, congratulations! Your journey towards becoming a U.S. permanent resident has reached a pivotal point. But, how do you proceed? You essentially have two options: Adjustment of Status or Consular Processing. This article aims to break down these two routes, outlining their steps, pros, and cons to help you make an informed decision.

What Are They?

Adjustment of Status

If you're already in the United States on a valid non-immigrant status you can apply for Adjustment of Status. This involves staying in the country while your Green Card application is processed.

Consular Processing

If you're outside the U.S. or prefer to apply from your home country, you can opt for Consular Processing. This means going to a U.S. consulate to complete the application process.

When to Choose?

When you file Form I-140, the Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker, you need to indicate which process you're choosing. It's important to decide carefully, although it's possible to change your choice later. Changing your selection can add delays and may involve extra fees.

The Steps:

Steps for Adjustment of Status

1. File Form I-140.
2. File Form I-485 for adjustment if a visa number is available. Otherwise, wait.
3. Submit documentation like proof of a valid maintenance of nonimmigrant status, birth certificate, marriage certificate, and medical exam results. 
4. Go for fingerprinting at a local USCIS center.
5. Received Work and Travel Permit by mail.
6. Get your Permanent Resident Card in the mail.

Steps for Consular Processing

1. File Form I-140.
2. Wait for the USCIS approval and fee bill from the National Visa Center (NVC).
3. Pay the fee and complete online Form DS-260.
4. Submit required documents like birth certificates and police records.
5. The consulate will schedule an interview and a medical exam.
6. Attend the interview and receive your visa.
7. Enter the U.S. and receive a temporary green card stamp.
8. Get your Permanent Resident Card in the mail.

Pros and Cons

Advantages of Adjustment of Status:

• Possible to remain and work in the U.S. while pending.
• May avoid certain admissibility issues.
• Decisions can be appealed.
• Less governmental red tape.

Disadvantages of Adjustment of Status:

• May not be eligible if you have immigration or criminal violations.

Advantages of Consular Processing

• May be better for applicants with family abroad.

Disadvantages of Consular Processing

• Risk of being barred from U.S. entry for up to 10 years.
• More bureaucratic, with no appeal option.
• Longer overall processing time.

Changing Your Mind

If you change your mind after choosing, you'll need to file additional forms and potentially face several months of delay. For example, moving from Adjustment of Status to Consular Processing may require filing Form I-824 and waiting for its approval, which can take over six months.

Final Thoughts

Deciding between Adjustment of Status and Consular Processing is not merely a question of speed. Each has its own sets of pros and cons that must be weighed carefully. Consult with us to fully understand what's best for your personal situation.